| These strategies work best for small streams with high vegetation or trees that provide significant reductions in light intensity. Studies have shown that streams with extensive riparian shading have maximum summer temperatures between 1 or 2 degrees lower than unshaded streams (AECOM, 2009<ref>AECOM Canada Ltd. 2009. Hanlon Creek Business Park stream temperature impact report, continuous modelling with HSP-F. A report to the City of Guelph. https://guelph.ca/wp-content/uploads/HCBP_EIR_Report.pdf</ref>; Dugdale et al., 2018<ref>Dugdale, S.J., Malcolm, I.A., Kantola, K. and Hannah, D.M. 2018. Stream temperature under contrasting riparian forest cover: Understanding thermal dynamics and heat exchange processes. Science of the Total Environment, 610, pp.1375-1389. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717321952</ref>). | | These strategies work best for small streams with high vegetation or trees that provide significant reductions in light intensity. Studies have shown that streams with extensive riparian shading have maximum summer temperatures between 1 or 2 degrees lower than unshaded streams (AECOM, 2009<ref>AECOM Canada Ltd. 2009. Hanlon Creek Business Park stream temperature impact report, continuous modelling with HSP-F. A report to the City of Guelph. https://guelph.ca/wp-content/uploads/HCBP_EIR_Report.pdf</ref>; Dugdale et al., 2018<ref>Dugdale, S.J., Malcolm, I.A., Kantola, K. and Hannah, D.M. 2018. Stream temperature under contrasting riparian forest cover: Understanding thermal dynamics and heat exchange processes. Science of the Total Environment, 610, pp.1375-1389. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717321952</ref>). |