Difference between revisions of "Testing"

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|Soil Cores, Test Pits or Cone Penetration Tests
|Soil Cores, Test Pits or Cone Penetration Tests
|-
|-
|Compaction
|Compaction<sup>vi</sup>
|Surface Resistance: ≤110 PSI; Sub-surface Resistance: ≤260 PSI Bulk Density: ≤1.60 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|Surface Resistance: ≤110 PSI; Sub-surface Resistance: ≤260 PSI Bulk Density: ≤1.60 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|Cone Penetration Tests or Bulk Density Tests  
|Cone Penetration Tests or Bulk Density Tests  

Revision as of 15:23, 4 May 2022

Section 8.2 - 8.9 content text (only) Appendix C as A SCROLLING DOCUMENT!!!

Mention training courses

Soil Characterization Testing[edit]

The soil component of an LID BMP contributes substantially to its stormwater treatment performance and overall function. If the soil is overly compacted or very finely textured, it may drain too slowly. If the soil is highly organic or contains excessive amounts of chemical fertilizer it may contribute to nutrient loads to receiving waters rather than reduce them. If the soil is too shallow it may not provide adequate treatment of contaminated stormwater or may not support healthy vegetation. Whether it be the engineered filter media of bioretention cells, the growing media of green roofs or the topsoil of enhanced swales, vegetated filter strips and soil amendment areas, it is important that the soil provide a healthy growing environment for plantings while being within design specifications for key parameters specific to the type of BMP.

It is most important to sample and test soil characteristics as a part of Construction and Assumption inspections, to confirm the BMP has been constructed with materials that meet design specifications and that installation of the soil component is acceptable. Testing to confirm that the material meets quality specifications (i.e., particle-size distribution, organic matter, pH, cationic exchange capacity, nutrients and soluble salts) needs to be completed prior to it being delivered to the construction site. Testing to confirm that installation of the soil component is acceptable (i.e., depth and compaction) should be performed after the installed material has been allowed to settle for at least two (2) weeks, and prior to planting.

Sampling and testing is also recommended as a part of Verification inspections, to determine if the BMP is being adequately maintained and if soil characteristics are still within acceptable ranges. It may also be done as part of Forensic inspection and Testing (FIT) work to help diagnose the cause of poor vegetation cover, drainage or treatment performance and decide on corrective actions.


Critical soil characteristics, acceptance criteria and tests by LID BMP type

LID BMP Type

Soil Characteristic

Acceptance Criteriai

Test
Bioretention / Bioswales / Dry swale
Textureii Loamy Sand or Sandy Loam; 70 to 88% sand-sized particles; 12 to 30% silt- and clay-sized particles; <20% clay-sized particles. Particle-Size Distribution (PSD), or % Sand/Silt/Clay (i.e., Soil Texture) plus Sand Fraction
Organic Matter (OM) 3 to 10% by dry weightii Walkley-Black method when OM <7.5% or Loss On Ignition (LOI) method when OM ≥7.5%iii
Soil pH 6.0 to 7.8 pH of a Saturated Pasteiii
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CEC) >10 meq/100 g Cationic Exchange Capacity Test
Phosphorusiv 12 to 40 ppm Extractable Phosphorus
Soluble Saltsv ≤2.0 mS/cm (0.2 S/m) Electrical Conductivity of a Soil-Water Slurry (2:1 water to soil ratio by volume)iii
Depth +/- 10% of design specification Soil Cores, Test Pits or Cone Penetration Tests
Compactionvi Surface Resistance: ≤110 PSI; Sub-surface Resistance: ≤260 PSI Bulk Density: ≤1.60 g/cm3 Cone Penetration Tests or Bulk Density Tests
Permeability i ≥25 mm/h (KS ≥ 1 x 10-5 cm/s); and i ≤203 mm/h (KS ≤ 0.02 cm/s). Surface Infiltration Rate Tests
Enhanced swale (topsoil)
Texture Same soil texture classification as specified in the final design or recorded on the as-built drawing Particle-Size Distribution (PSD), or % Sand/Silt/Clay (i.e., Soil Texture) plus Sand Fraction
Organic Matter (OM)ii 5 to 10% by dry weight Walkley-Black method when OM <7.5% or Loss On Ignition (LOI) method when OM ≥7.5%iii
Soil pH 6.0 to 7.8 pH of a Saturated Pasteiii
Phosphorusiv 12 to 40 ppm Extractable Phosphorus
Soluble Saltsv ≤2.0 mS/cm (0.2 S/m) Electrical Conductivity of a Soil-Water Slurry (2:1 water to soil ratio by volume)iii
Depth +/- 10% of design specification Soil Cores, Test Pits
Compaction Surface Resistance: ≤110 PSI; Sub-surface Resistance: Use soil texture class and Table 8.3 to determine maximum acceptable value; Bulk Density: Use PSD to interpolate maximum bulk density value from Figure 8.7. Cone Penetration Tests or Bulk Density Tests
Permeability i ≥15 mm/h (KS ≥ 1 x 10-6 cm/s) Surface Infiltration Rate Tests
Vegetated filter strips and Soil Amendment Areas (topsoil)
Texture Same soil texture classification as specified in the final design or recorded on the as-built drawing Particle-Size Distribution (PSD), or % Sand/Silt/Clay (i.e., Soil Texture) plus Sand Fraction
Organic Matter (OM)ii 5 to 10% by dry weight Walkley-Black method when OM <7.5% or Loss On Ignition (LOI) method when OM ≥7.5%iii
Soil pH 6.0 to 7.8 pH of a Saturated Pasteiii
Phosphorusiv 12 to 40 ppm Extractable Phosphorus
Soluble Saltsv ≤2.0 mS/cm (0.2 S/m) Electrical Conductivity of a Soil-Water Slurry (2:1 water to soil ratio by volume)iii
Compaction Surface Resistance: ≤110 PSI; Sub-surface Resistance: Use soil texture class and Table 8.3 to determine maximum acceptable value; Bulk Density: Use PSD to interpolate maximum bulk density value from Figure 8.7. Cone Penetration Tests or Bulk Density Tests
Permeability i ≥15 mm/h (KS ≥ 1 x 10-6 cm/s) Surface Infiltration Rate Tests
Green roof (growing media)
Texture See product vendor or BMP designer for specifications Particle-Size Distribution (PSD), or % Sand/Silt/Clay (i.e., Soil Texture) plus Sand Fraction
Maximum Media Density See product vendor or BMP designer for specification Maximum Media Density Test (ASTM E2399/E2399M-15)
Water Storage Capacityvii Extensive: ≥35% by volume / Intensive: ≥45% by volume Both part of Maximum Media Density Test (ASTM E2399/E2399M-15)
Air-Filled Porosityvii ≥10% by volume Part of Maximum Media Density Test (ASTM E2399/E2399M-15)
Permeability, Saturated Media See product vendor or BMP designer for specification Part of Maximum Media Density Test (ASTM E2399/E2399M-15)
Organic Matter See product vendor or BMP designer for specification Walkley-Black method when OM <7.5% or Loss On Ignition (LOI) method when OM ≥7.5%iii
Soil pHviii 6.5 to 7.8 pH of a Saturated Paste
Soluble Saltsviii ≤0.85 mS/cm (0.085 S/m) Electrical Conductivity of a Saturated Media Extract (SME)solution
Phosphorusix 2.2 to 40 ppm Electrical Conductivity of a Saturated Media Extract (SME)solution



Sediment Accumulation Testing[edit]

Surface Infiltration Rate Testing[edit]

Natural or Simulated Storm Event Testing[edit]

Continuous Monitoring[edit]

Green Roof Irrigation System Testing[edit]

Green Roof Leak Detection Testing[edit]

Cistern Pump Testing[edit]

References[edit]