Construction: final excavated grade and verification

LID designs typically have specific grading requirements. Verifying depths and slopes is critical for the optimal performance of the facility. For example, if the design calls for a channel with a 1% slope, the channel may not function as designed if it has a 2% slope instead.

Always confirm elevations throughout construction. (Photo source: CVC)

Excavation to the sub-grade will differ depending on whether the design is for an infiltrating or a non-infiltrating LID system. If it’s an infiltrating practice, the sub-grade should be as level as possible to promote even infiltration across the facility’s footprint. For non-infiltrating practices, excavate sub-grade slopes to the design grade in the direction of the underdrain, typically 1 to 5%.

As with all infiltrating LID practices, avoid compaction of sub-grade soils whenever possible. However, depending on the design and the local municipality, compaction of the sub-grade may be required for permeable pavement LIDs.

Construction steps

1. Excavate the final 100 mm, to the final design grade, using appropriate equipment. This is often done with hand tools.
2. Confirm excavation depths and slopes using appropriate equipment (transit levels, global navigation satellite systems, etc.)

Key inspection points

• Confirm final excavated depths and slopes.

Mistakes to avoid

• “Eye-balling” depths and slopes

Low Impact Development. A stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased urban runoff and stormwater pollution by managing it as close to its source as possible. It comprises a set of site design approaches and small scale stormwater management practices that promote the use of natural systems for infiltration and evapotranspiration, and rainwater harvesting.

Credit Valley Conservation

A perforated pipe used to assist the draining of soils.

An alternative practice to traditional impervious pavement, prevents the generation of runoff by allowing precipitation falling on the surface to infiltrate through the surface course into an underlying stone reservoir and, where suitable conditions exist, into the native soil.