Difference between revisions of "Level spreaders"
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[[File:Levelspread.jpg|thumb|This clever design incorporates a level spreading device after a [[curb cut]] has | [[File:Levelspread.jpg|thumb|This clever design incorporates a level spreading device after a [[curb cut]] has narrowed the flow path. This kind of treatment train approach would provide an opportunity to provide [[pretreatment]] at the point of concentration. Photo credit: [https://www.pca.state.mn.us/featured/when-it-rains-it-flows MPCA] | ||
Level spreaders should conform to the following design criteria in order to ensure non-erosive sheet flow into vegetated areas such as [[vegetated filter strips]], [[swales]] or forested conservation areas<ref>Hathaway, J. M., & Hunt, W. F. (2006). Level Spreaders : Overview , Design , and Maintenance.</ref>. | Level spreaders should conform to the following design criteria in order to ensure non-erosive sheet flow into vegetated areas such as [[vegetated filter strips]], [[swales]] or forested conservation areas<ref>Hathaway, J. M., & Hunt, W. F. (2006). Level Spreaders : Overview , Design , and Maintenance.</ref>. | ||
The length of the level spreader should be determined by the type of filter area and the design flow: | The length of the level spreader should be determined by the type of filter area and the design flow: | ||
* 1.4 m of level spreader length per every 0.01 | * 1.4 m of level spreader length per every 0.01 m³/s of inflow for discharges to a [[filter strip]] or turf conservation area; | ||
* 4.3 m of level spreader length per every 0.01 | * 4.3 m of level spreader length per every 0.01 m³/s of inflow when the spreader discharges to a forested conservation area. | ||
* The minimum level spreader length is 4 m and the maximum is 40 m. | * The minimum level spreader length is 4 m and the maximum is 40 m. | ||
* The level spreader lip should be concrete, wood or pre-fabricated metal, with a well anchored footer, or other accepted rigid, non-erodible material. | * The level spreader lip should be concrete, wood or pre-fabricated metal, with a well anchored footer, or other accepted rigid, non-erodible material. | ||
* The ends of the level spreader section should be tied back into the slope to avoid [[overflow]] scouring or erosion around the ends of the spreader. | * The ends of the level spreader section should be tied back into the slope to avoid [[overflow]] scouring or erosion around the ends of the spreader. | ||
* | * Where relevant, the width of the level spreader channel on the up-stream side of the level lip should be three times the diameter of the inflow pipe, and the depth should be 20 cm or one-half the culvert diameter, whichever is greater. | ||
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Revision as of 16:21, 6 March 2018
[[File:Levelspread.jpg|thumb|This clever design incorporates a level spreading device after a curb cut has narrowed the flow path. This kind of treatment train approach would provide an opportunity to provide pretreatment at the point of concentration. Photo credit: MPCA
Level spreaders should conform to the following design criteria in order to ensure non-erosive sheet flow into vegetated areas such as vegetated filter strips, swales or forested conservation areas[1].
The length of the level spreader should be determined by the type of filter area and the design flow:
- 1.4 m of level spreader length per every 0.01 m³/s of inflow for discharges to a filter strip or turf conservation area;
- 4.3 m of level spreader length per every 0.01 m³/s of inflow when the spreader discharges to a forested conservation area.
- The minimum level spreader length is 4 m and the maximum is 40 m.
- The level spreader lip should be concrete, wood or pre-fabricated metal, with a well anchored footer, or other accepted rigid, non-erodible material.
- The ends of the level spreader section should be tied back into the slope to avoid overflow scouring or erosion around the ends of the spreader.
- Where relevant, the width of the level spreader channel on the up-stream side of the level lip should be three times the diameter of the inflow pipe, and the depth should be 20 cm or one-half the culvert diameter, whichever is greater.
- ↑ Hathaway, J. M., & Hunt, W. F. (2006). Level Spreaders : Overview , Design , and Maintenance.