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Line 1: <li>Suitable apparent opening size (AOS) for non-woven fabrics, or percent open area (POA) for woven fabrics, to maintain water flow even with sediment and microbial film build-up;</li>Line 21:
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<p>Geotextiles prevent downward migration of smaller particles in to larger aggregates, and slump of heavier particles into finer underlying courses. <br>
The formation of biofilm on geotextiles has also been shown to improve water quality:<br>
*By degrading petroleum hydrocarbons[https://www.icpi.org/sites/default/files/techpapers/1309.pdf]
*By reducing organic pollutant and nutrient concentrations [http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/7/4/1595/pdf]
</p>
<p>When installing geotextiles an overlap of 150 - 300 mm should be used.</p>
Material specifications should conform to [http://www.raqsb.mto.gov.on.ca/techpubs/OPS.nsf/0/2ccb9847eb6c56738525808200628de1/$FILE/OPSS%201860%20Apr12.pdf Ontario Provincial Standard Specification (OPSS) 1860 for Class II geotextile fabrics].
Material specifications should conform to [http://www.raqsb.mto.gov.on.ca/techpubs/OPS.nsf/0/2ccb9847eb6c56738525808200628de1/$FILE/OPSS%201860%20Apr12.pdf Ontario Provincial Standard Specification (OPSS) 1860 for Class II geotextile fabrics].
*Fabrics should be woven monofilament or non-woven needle punched.
*Fabrics should be woven monofilament or non-woven needle punched.
*Woven slit film and non-woven heat bonded fabrics should not be used, as they are prone to clogging.
*Woven slit film and non-woven heat bonded fabrics should not be used, as they are prone to clogging.
<p>Primary considerations are:
<p>In choosing a product, consider:
<ol>
<ol>
<li>Maximum forces that will be exerted on the fabric (i.e., what tensile, tear and puncture strength ratings are required?);</li>
<li>The maximum forces that will be exerted on the fabric (i.e., what tensile, tear and puncture strength ratings are required?),</li>
<li>Load bearing ratio of the underlying native soil (i.e. is the geotextile needed to prevent downward migration of aggregate into the native soil?);</li>
<li>The load bearing ratio of the underlying native soil (i.e. is the geotextile needed to prevent downward migration of aggregate into the native soil?),</li>
<li>Texture (i.e., grain size distribution) of the overlying fill material; and</li>
<li>The texture (i.e., grain size distribution) of the overlying and underlying materials, and</li>
<li>Permeability of the native soil</li>
<li>The suitable apparent opening size (AOS) for non-woven fabrics, or percent open area (POA) for woven fabrics, to maintain water flow even with sediment and microbial film build-up.</li>
</ol>
</ol>
<br>
<br>
<tr><td align="center" valign="middle">≤ 5</td><td align="center" valign="middle">≤ 0.6</td><td align="center" valign="middle">≥ 10</td><td align="center" valign="middle">0.5</td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="middle">≤ 5</td><td align="center" valign="middle">≤ 0.6</td><td align="center" valign="middle">≥ 10</td><td align="center" valign="middle">0.5</td></tr>
</table>
</table>
[[category:materials]]
[[category:materials]]