Changes

*[[Bioswales]] or the use of [[perforated pipes]] beneath grass swales can reduce the nuisance problems associated with conventional swales like standing surface water and steep slopes

*[[Bioswales]] or the use of [[perforated pipes]] beneath grass swales can reduce the nuisance problems associated with conventional swales like standing surface water and steep slopes

*Permeable pavement systems can be used to stabilize and improve degraded shoulders

*Permeable pavement systems can be used to stabilize and improve degraded shoulders

*Converting degraded ditches to [[enhanced grass swales]] is the simplest LID improvement to make to residential rural cross-section roads. Driveway culverts can be slightly raised to provide storage and encourage infiltration.

*Converting degraded ditches to [[enhanced grass swales]] is the simplest LID improvement for residential rural cross-section roads. Driveway culverts can be slightly raised to provide storage and encourage infiltration.

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*[[Curb extensions]] are a good method for calming traffic and using underutilized parking zones

*[[Curb extensions]] are a good method for calming traffic and using underutilized parking zones

*Due to low speeds and low traffic, permeable pavement can be used for the roadway from curb to curb

*Due to low speeds and low traffic, permeable pavement can be used from curb to curb

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*Boulevard [[bioretention]] can be easily incorporated into a rural to urban upgrade by allowing for stormwater treatment within the boulevard space

*Boulevard [[bioretention]] can be easily incorporated into a rural-to-urban upgrade by allowing for stormwater treatment within the boulevard space

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==Residential collector road==

==Residential collector road==

[[File:Residential_Collector_Cross_Section.png|thumb|Cross section of a residential collector road]]

[[File:Residential_Collector_Cross_Section.png|thumb|Cross section of a residential collector road]]

The function of these streets is to act as connectors between residential neighborhoods and other collectors and arterials. The character of these streets can vary widely from completely residential to pockets of commercial or mixed use land uses.

These streets act as connectors between residential neighborhoods and other collectors and arterials. The character of these streets can vary widely, from completely residential to mixed-use to commercial.

{{Textbox|1=Characteristics include:

{{Textbox|1=Characteristics include:

*Moderate to high traffic volumes, average daily traffic 1500 to 3000 vehicles

*Moderate to high traffic volumes, average daily traffic 1500 to 3000 vehicles

*Street parking is atypical unless there are adjacent mixed uses

*Street parking is atypical unless there are adjacent mixed use areas

*Often have multi-modal use, transit, pedestrian, and cyclists

*Often have multi-modal use: transit, pedestrian, cyclists

*Institutions such as schools, recreational facilities, and churches are often located along collectors}}

*Institutions such as schools, recreational facilities, and churches are often located along collectors}}

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*Permeable pavement should be avoided for high traffic travel lanes, but they are an option for parking lanes and sidewalk. However, permeable pavers are susceptible to clogging if receiving runoff drainage from adjoining asphalt roadway. Pervious concrete or porous asphalt are options for bike lanes.

*[[Permeable paving]] is an option for parking lanes and sidewalk. However, permeable pavers are susceptible to clogging if receiving runoff drainage from adjoining asphalt roadway. Avoid permeable pavement for high traffic travel lanes. Pervious concrete or porous asphalt are options for bike lanes.  

*Perforated pipes are suitable for collectors with very limited space and particularly where there is no routine landscaping maintenance. However, adequate pretreatment such as grass swales, extended sump catchbasins, or prefabricated units must be provided.

*Perforated pipes are suitable for collectors with very limited space, particularly where there is no routine landscaping maintenance. However, adequate pretreatment such as grass swales, extended sump catchbasins, or prefabricated units must be provided.

*Curb extension bioretention is not a common practice for collectors, but they can be used in some cases to reduce pedestrian crossing distances at intersections

*Curb extension bioretention is not a common practice for collectors, but they can be used in some cases to reduce pedestrian crossing distances at intersections

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==Local industrial road==

==Local industrial road==

[[File:Local_Industrial_Road_Cross_Section.png|thumb|LID options for the local industrial road]]

[[File:Local_Industrial_Road_Cross_Section.png|thumb|LID options for the local industrial road]]

The function of local industrial roads is to provide access to industry and other employment zones. The ability to provide access and easy movement for large vehicles are a primary design characteristic of these types of streets. They are two to three lanes and are not intended for through traffic.

Local industrial roads provide access to industry and other employment zones. Providing access and easy movement for large vehicles are a primary design characteristic of these types of streets. They have two to three lanes and are not intended for through traffic.

{{textbox|1=Characteristics include:

{{textbox|1=Characteristics include:

*Traffic volumes may be low but the road must still be wide enough to accommodate large vehicle turning movements and have increased structural strength to support heavy loads

*Traffic volumes may be low, but the road must still be wide enough to accommodate large vehicle turning movements and have the structural strength to support heavy loads

*To avoid interference with truck movements landscaping should be low, and trees should be high branching or setback from the roadway

*To avoid interference with truck movements, landscaping should be low, and trees should be high branching or setback from the roadway

*Boulevards are often wide allowing for swale or other landscape treatment options}}

*Boulevards are often wide allowing for swale or other landscape treatment options}}

Go back to [[Screening LID Options]]

Go back to [[Screening LID Options]]