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| Pipes should have been manufactured in conformity with the latest standards by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ASTM International. | | Pipes should have been manufactured in conformity with the latest standards by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ASTM International. |
| *Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material) with a minimum inside diameter of 100 mm. | | *Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material) with a minimum inside diameter of 100 mm. |
| **Where freezing is a concern, horizontal underdrain pipes should be over-sized to a minimum 200 mm diameter. | | **Smooth interior facilitates inspection and maintenance activities; internal corrugations can cause cameras or hydrojetting apparatus to become snagged. |
| **Perforations should be made on all sides of the pipe and provide a ≥ 1 m<sup>2</sup> of open area per linear meter of pipe.
| | *Where freezing is a concern, horizontal underdrain pipes should be over-sized to a minimum 200 mm diameter. |
| *All underdrains should be capped on the upstream end.
| | *Perforations should be made on all sides of the pipe and provide a ≥ 1 m<sup>2</sup> of open area per linear meter of pipe. |
| *At least one vertical well per BMP is recommended, for inspection and monitoring water level.
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| **Well(s), of 100 - 150 mm diameter perforated pipe, should extend to the bottom of the facility.
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| **Where a horizontal underdrain is being installed, an upstream and a downstream well should be coupled to the underdrain pipe. The pair of wells can then be used to flush out the length of underdrain if required.
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| **The exposed tops of all wells should be fitted with lockable caps.
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| *Non-perforated pipes should be used for conveyance to and away from the facility, including overflow. | | *Non-perforated pipes should be used for conveyance to and away from the facility, including overflow. |
| **To function correctly, the capacity of the overflow pipes must be greater than the inlet(s). | | *a perforated pipe with many rectangular slots has better drainage characteristics than a pipe with similar open area provided by fewer circular holes <ref>Hazenberg, G., and U. S. Panu (1991), Theoretical analysis of flow rate into perforated drain tubes, Water Resour. Res., 27(7), 1411–1418, doi:10.1029/91WR00779.</ref>. |
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| [[Category:Materials]] | | [[Category:Materials]] |