Changes

*modular tray systems.<ref>Massachusetts Clean Water Toolkit, Rooftop Detention (Blue Roofs), Retrieved 9 October 2018 from http://prj.geosyntec.com/npsmanual/rooftopdetentionblueroofs.aspx</ref>

*modular tray systems.<ref>Massachusetts Clean Water Toolkit, Rooftop Detention (Blue Roofs), Retrieved 9 October 2018 from http://prj.geosyntec.com/npsmanual/rooftopdetentionblueroofs.aspx</ref>

Because all roofs in Canada must be designed to support peak snow loads, this provides capacity for supporting an equivalent weight of ponded water. The Ontario building code permits designers to assume that snow and water loads are not cumulative, up to a maximum depth of 150 mm (water equivalent), if precautions are taken to prevent flooding by providing a sufficient number of roof drains with overflows. It is therefore uncommon for roof water detention systems to be designed to permit more than 150 mm of water to accumulate. This also means that these systems can be retrofitted onto existing roof structures that have been designed to support conventional snow loads.<ref>Richard Hammond (2017). Evaluating Green and Blue Roof Opportunities in Canadian Cities. UWSpace. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/11463</ref>

All roofs in Canada must be designed to support peak snow loads, providing capacity for supporting an equivalent weight of ponded water. The Ontario building code permits designers to assume that snow and water loads are not cumulative, up to a maximum depth of 150 mm (water equivalent), if precautions are taken to prevent flooding by providing a sufficient number of roof drains with overflows. It is therefore uncommon for roof water detention systems to be designed to permit more than 150 mm of water to accumulate. This also means that these systems can be retrofitted onto existing roof structures that have been designed to support conventional snow loads.<ref>Richard Hammond (2017). Evaluating Green and Blue Roof Opportunities in Canadian Cities. UWSpace. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/11463</ref>

The Ministry of Transportation do not currently permit blue roofs to form part of a SWM plan owing to concerns over long term maintenance; this affects relatively few projects<ref>Ontario Ministry of Transportation. (2016). Stormwater Management Requirements for Land Development Proposals. Retrieved March 7, 2018, from http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/publications/drainage/stormwater/section8.shtml#controls</ref>. The concerns arise from instances where building operators have found outlet control structures blocked with leaves or other debris. Without understanding the purpose of blue roof systems and flow control drains, these devices have been removed to prevent recurrence of the blockage. A study in New York City found that a modular system of trays outperformed an outlet flow control device in stormwater management<ref>Bloomberg, M., & Strickland, C. H. (2012). NYC Green Infrastructure Plan: 2012 Green Infrastructure Pilot Monitoring Report. New York. Retrieved from http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/pdf/green_infrastructure/2012_green_infrastructure_pilot_monitoring_report.pdf</ref>. It might reasonably be expected that a modular system would present fewer opportunities for complete failure from a single action, either through clogging or breakage of a storage element.

The Ministry of Transportation does not currently permit blue roofs to form part of a SWM plan owing to concerns over long-term maintenance; this affects relatively few projects<ref>Ontario Ministry of Transportation. (2016). Stormwater Management Requirements for Land Development Proposals. Retrieved March 7, 2018, from http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/publications/drainage/stormwater/section8.shtml#controls</ref>. The concerns arise from instances where building operators have found outlet control structures blocked with leaves or other debris. Without understanding the purpose of blue roof systems and flow control drains, these devices have been removed to prevent recurrence of the blockage. A study in New York City found that a modular system of trays outperformed an outlet flow control device in stormwater management<ref>Bloomberg, M., & Strickland, C. H. (2012). NYC Green Infrastructure Plan: 2012 Green Infrastructure Pilot Monitoring Report. New York. Retrieved from http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/pdf/green_infrastructure/2012_green_infrastructure_pilot_monitoring_report.pdf</ref>. It might reasonably be expected that a modular system would present fewer opportunities for complete failure from a single action, either through clogging or breakage of a storage element.

==Smart Design==

==Smart Design==