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Line 1: <strong>The fundamental components of a bioswale are:</strong><strong>Additional components may include:</strong>*[[Underdrain]] with clean out and inspection ports
Bioswales are sized as narrow linear [[bioretention cells]]. [[Drawdown times]] of bioswales are typically lower than other geometric configurations of bioretention facilities.
'''[[Infiltration: Sizing and modeling]]'''
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This article is about installations designed to capture and convey surface runoff along a vegetated channel, whilst also promoting infiltration. <br>
<imagemap>
For underground conveyance which promotes infiltration, see [[Exfiltration trenches]]. <br>
File:Unlabelled bioswale underdrain.png|thumb|900px|Bioswale with check dams, to facilitate short-term ponding (vertical scale exaggerated for diagram), graded sloped channel, mulch preserve soil moisture for plant survival to maintain the organic matter content of underlying filter media, filter media and vegetation to promote infiltration into the facility, an underdrain and river rock/stone to reduce flow velocity and erosion potential within the facility. <span style="color:red">''A note: The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
For design recommendations on grassed channels, see [[Enhanced grass swales]].
rect 160 131 656 720 [[Graminoids: List|Tall Grasses / Vegetation]]
poly 11177 262 1170 820 2741 1069 2768 565 [[Graminoids: List|Tall Grasses / Vegetation]]
rect 3106 580 3729 1207 [[Graminoids: List|Tall Grasses / Vegetation]]
poly 787 510 784 765 1156 814 1156 693 [[Stone|River Rock]]
rect 2875 903 3102 1113 [[Stone|River Rock]]
poly 773 745 777 814 2744 1117 2741 1069 [[Mulch|Mulch]]
poly 2878 1141 2882 1086 3540 1193 3547 1258 [[Mulch|Mulch]]
rect 656 438 773 982 [[Check dams|Check Dams]]
rect 2872 1317 2751 755 [[Check dams|Check Dams]]
poly 777 814 773 1013 2741 1327 2737 1113 [[Bioretention: Filter media|Filter Media]]
poly 270 720 267 941 653 996 653 800 [[Bioretention: Filter media|Filter Media]]
poly 2872 1134 2868 1341 3547 1465 3537 1262 [[Bioretention: Filter media|Filter Media]]
poly 267 941 264 1100 3537 1630 3543 1465 [[Reservoir aggregate|Reservoir Aggregate]]
poly 270 1103 260 1182 3530 1720 3537 1630 [[Underdrains|Underdrain]]
poly 264 1203 267 1979 3543 1982 3540 1744 [[Soil groups|Native Soil]]
</imagemap>
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*This article is about installations designed to capture and convey surface runoff along a vegetated channel, whilst also promoting infiltration.
*For underground conveyance which promotes infiltration, see [[Exfiltration trenches]].
*For design recommendations on channels in which surface flow is controlled with [[check dams]], see [[Enhanced swales]].
==Overview==
==Overview==
'''The fundamental components of a bioswale are:'''
*A graded channel
*A graded channel
*Planting
*[[Plant lists|Planting]]
*[[Underdrain]] with clean out and inspection ports
*[[Bioretention: Filter media | Filter media]], to permit infiltration into the facility (not necessarily to soils below)
*[[Bioretention: Filter media | Filter media]], to permit infiltration into the facility (not necessarily to soils below)
'''Additional components may include:'''
*[[Liner|Impermeable liner]] to prevent infiltration to soils below
*[[Liner|Impermeable membrane]] to prevent infiltration to soils below
*[[Check dams]] to facilitate short tern ponding
*[[Check dams]] to facilitate short tern ponding
==Planning considerations==
==Planning considerations==
Bioswales are sized as narrow linear [[bioretention cells]].
[[Drainage time]] of bioswales is typically lower than other geometric configurations of similarly sized bioretention facilities, owing to the higher hydraulic radius of the sides.
==Design==
==Design==
*[[Bioretention: Sizing]]
==Inlets==
{{:Inlets}}
==Overflow==
{{:Overflow}}
==Materials==
All forms of bioretention are complex in their structure, so please follow separate links for the materials.
*[[Plants]] and [[Planting design]]
*[[Bioretention: Filter media]]
*[[Choker layer]]
*[[Underdrains]]
==Gallery==
{{:Bioswales: Gallery}}
==Planting Design Considerations==
*Where possible a combination of native trees, shrubs and perennial herbs should be used in addition to grasses.
*Most bioswales will be situated to receive full sun exposure. The ‘Exposure’ column in the master plant list identifies the sun exposure condition for each species.
*Facilities with a deeper media bed (greater than 1 m) provide the opportunity for a wider range of plant species (including trees).
*For applications along roads and parking lots, where snow may be plowed or stored, non-woody and salt tolerant species should be chosen.
*Proper spacing must be provided for aboveground and below ground utilities, and adjacent infrastructure.
==Performance==
{{:Bioswales: Performance}}