Changes

*Aboveground tanks and rain barrels that can only be used seasonally and must be taken out of service for the winter.  

*Aboveground tanks and rain barrels that can only be used seasonally and must be taken out of service for the winter.  

Rainwater cisterns can range in size from about 750 to 40,000 litres+ and may be constructed from fiberglass, plastic, metal or concrete.

Rainwater cisterns can range in size from about 750 to 40,000 litres+ and may be constructed from fiberglass, plastic, metal or concrete.

Underground cisterns are most often installed to a depth below the maximum frost penetration depth (generally 1.2 m in Southern Ontario) (Armstrong and Csathy, 1963; Ministry of Transportation, 2013)<ref>Armstrong, M. D., & Csathy, T. I. 1963. Frost design practice in Canada-and discussion. Ontario Department of Highways. https://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/hrr/1963/33/33-008.pdf</ref><ref>Ministry of Transportation. 2013. Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Manual. Second Edition. IBSN: 978-1-4435-2873-3. Published: March 2013. http://www.bv.transports.gouv.qc.ca/mono/1165561.pdf</ref> to ensure they can be used year-round. A pump is used to deliver the stored water to the hose bibs or fixtures where it is utilized. Water that is in excess of the storage capacity of the cistern overflows to an adjacent drainage system (e.g., other BMP or municipal storm sewer) via an [[Overflow|overflow outlet]] structure and pipe. Cisterns that are drawn upon for indoor water uses (e.g., toilet flushing) will also feature water level sensors and the means of adding municipal water during extended periods of dry weather or winter when stormwater does not meet the demand (i.e., make-up water supply system). They may also include in-line devices to filter stored cistern water prior to delivery at hose bibs or fixtures.  

Underground cisterns are most often installed to a depth below the maximum frost penetration depth (generally 1.2 m in Southern Ontario) (Armstrong and Csathy, 1963; Ministry of Transportation, 2013)<ref>Armstrong, M. D., & Csathy, T. I. 1963. Frost design practice in Canada-and discussion. Ontario Department of Highways. https://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/hrr/1963/33/33-008.pdf</ref><ref>Ministry of Transportation. 2013. Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Manual. Second Edition. IBSN: 978-1-4435-2873-3. Published: March 2013. http://www.bv.transports.gouv.qc.ca/mono/1165561.pdf</ref> to ensure they can be used year-round. A pump is used to deliver the stored water to the hose bibs or fixtures where it is utilized. Water that is in excess of the storage capacity of the cistern overflows to an adjacent drainage system (e.g., other BMP or municipal storm sewer) via an [[Overflow|overflow outlet]] structure and pipe. Cisterns that are drawn upon for indoor water uses (e.g., toilet flushing) will also feature water level sensors and the means of adding municipal water during extended periods of dry weather or winter when stormwater does not meet the demand (i.e., make-up water supply system). They may also include in-line devices to filter stored cistern water prior to delivery at hose bibs or fixtures.<br>

 

[[File:RWH system planview.PNG|thumb|500px|Generalized cross-section view of a rainwater harvesting system showing key components of a commercial configuration of this LID BMP (TRCA, 2018)<ref name="example1" />.]]

[[File:RWH system planview.PNG|thumb|500px|Generalized cross-section view of a rainwater harvesting system showing key components of a commercial configuration of this LID BMP (TRCA, 2018)<ref name="example1" />.]]

*[[Rain barrels|Rain Barrel or Cistern|]]

*[[Rain barrels|Rain Barrel or Cistern|]]

*[[Rainwater harvesting: Sizing and modeling#Cistern dimensions|Pump]]

*[[Rainwater harvesting: Sizing and modeling#Cistern dimensions|Pump]]

*[Pretreatment| In-line filters]]

*[[Pretreatment| In-line filters]]

*[[Overflow|Overflow outlets]]}}

*[[Overflow|Overflow outlets]]}}