Changes

[[File:construction process.jpg|400px|thumb|right|The five-step construction process for sub-surface and ground-level LIDs.]]

[[File:construction process.jpg|400px|thumb|right|The five-step construction process for sub-surface and ground-level LIDs.]]

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==Overview==

==Overview==

This section gives guidance for project managers, engineers, and contractors on the pre-construction steps required for successful construction of sub-surface and ground-level LID practices.  

The [[construction]] guidance in this section applies to all sub-surface and ground-level LID practices: [[bioretention|bioretention gardens]], [[bioswales]], [[rain gardens]], [[exfiltration trenches]], [[enhanced swales]], [[permeable pavements]], [[infiltration trenches]], [[infiltration chambers]], and [[soakaways]]. It was developed for project managers, engineers, and contractors on the pre-construction steps required for successful construction of sub-surface and ground-level LID practices.  

==Design verification and site walk-through==

==Design verification and site walk-through==

==Erosion and sediment control measures==

==Erosion and sediment control measures==

[[File:ESC perpendicular grooves.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Grooves perpendicular to the grade help prevent the development of rills. (Photo source: CVC)]]

[[File:ESC perpendicular grooves.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Grooves perpendicular to the grade help prevent the development of rills. (Photo source: CVC, 2022)]]

STEP’s [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2020/01/ESC-Guide-for-Urban-Construction_FINAL.pdf Erosion and Sediment Control Guide] contains detailed guidance on the design, installation, inspection, maintenance, and decommissioning of ESC measures. This section gives practical advice on structural and non-structural ESC for contractors, inspectors, and those who are new to construction and ESC practices.

STEP's [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/home/urban-runoff-green-infrastructure/healthy-soils/construction-specifications-for-implementing-compost-amended-planting-soil-in-ontario/ Erosion and Sediment Control Guide for Urban Construction]]<ref> STEP. 2019. Erosion and Sediment Control Guide for Urban Construction. https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/home/urban-runoff-green-infrastructure/healthy-soils/construction-specifications-for-implementing-compost-amended-planting-soil-in-ontario/</ref> contains detailed guidance on the design, installation, inspection, maintenance, and decommissioning of ESC measures. This section gives practical advice on structural and non-structural ESC for contractors, inspectors, and those who are new to construction and ESC practices.

Establish required perimeter controls, including erosion and sediment control (ESC) measures, prior to construction and adjust accordingly during construction. ESC measures come in two basic types: structural ESC, which slows and holds runoff from the disturbed area, dissipating erosive forces, promoting ponding, and allowing suspended particles to settle out; and non-structural ESC, which primarily minimizes the exposure time of stripped soils.  

Establish required perimeter controls, including erosion and sediment control (ESC) measures, prior to construction and adjust accordingly during construction. ESC measures come in two basic types: structural ESC, which slows and holds runoff from the disturbed area, dissipating erosive forces, promoting ponding, and allowing suspended particles to settle out; and non-structural ESC, which primarily minimizes the exposure time of stripped soils.  

[[File:ESC sacrificial fabric.png|300px|thumb|center|]]

[[File:ESC sacrificial fabric.png|300px|thumb|center|]]

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[[File:ESC premature removal.jpg|300px|thumb|center|ESC measures at this bioretention feature were removed before construction in its drainage was complete, allowing sediment into it.]]

[[File:ESC premature removal.jpg|300px|thumb|center|ESC measures at this bioretention feature were removed before construction in its drainage was complete, allowing sediment into it.(Photo Source: CVC)]]

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==Erosion and sediment control inspection and maintenance==

==Erosion and sediment control inspection and maintenance==

ESC measures require ongoing attention to ensure integrity and performance. ESC inspections should take place, at minimum, during installation, after rainfall events, and at the critical inspection points discussed in the [[Pre-construction: communication, inspection plan, and utilities coordination (section)]].

ESC measures require ongoing attention to ensure integrity and performance. ESC inspections should take place, at minimum, during installation, after rainfall events, and at the critical inspection points discussed in the [[Pre-construction#Communication, inspection plan, and utilities coordination|Pre-construction: Communication, inspection plan, and utilities coordination]]

At these inspections, keep an eye out for accumulated sediment, worn materials, compliance with the project's staging plan, and potential failure points.

At these inspections, keep an eye out for accumulated sediment, worn materials, compliance with the project's staging plan, and potential failure points.

*Ensure perimeter fencing and access/staging areas are in alignment with design drawings.

*Ensure perimeter fencing and access/staging areas are in alignment with design drawings.

'''Mistakes to avoid'''

'''Mistakes to avoid'''

#Departing from the plan to stage and limit access points, material storage areas, and equipment storage areas

*Departing from the plan to stage and limit access points, material storage areas, and equipment storage areas

#Installing inadequate perimeter controls, e.g. inadequate sediment fencing or construction fencing

*Installing inadequate perimeter controls, e.g. inadequate sediment fencing or construction fencing