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===Water quantity changes===
===Water quantity changes===
[[File:Urban_Hydrology_1.png|thumb|This image depicts a typical urban hydrologic condition wherein an end-of-pipe control (stormwater management pond) is used to control the peak discharge of urban runoff to a receiving water body.]]
[[File:Urban_Hydrology_1.png|thumb|This image depicts a typical urban hydrologic condition wherein an end-of-pipe control (stormwater management pond) is used to control the peak discharge of urban runoff to a receiving water body.]]
[[File:Urban_Hydrology_2.png|thumb|The right image depicts a similar upland condition, but without any sort of end-of-pipe stormwater management facility.]]
While rainfall intensity, soil and vegetation characteristics, slope length and steepness all play a role in the timing and rate of runoff generation, the creation of impervious surfaces – including rooftops, driveways, roads and parking lots – disrupts rainfall’s ability to penetrate the soil surface and infiltrate.  In heavily urbanized, well-drained areas, the time of concentration is significantly reduced due to the relative smoothness of impervious surfaces, and the dense network of stormwater [[conveyance]] infrastructure including gutters, catch basins and subsurface pipes.  
While rainfall intensity, soil and vegetation characteristics, slope length and steepness all play a role in the timing and rate of runoff generation, the creation of impervious surfaces – including rooftops, driveways, roads and parking lots – disrupts rainfall’s ability to penetrate the soil surface and infiltrate.  In heavily urbanized, well-drained areas, the time of concentration is significantly reduced due to the relative smoothness of impervious surfaces, and the dense network of stormwater [[conveyance]] infrastructure including gutters, catch basins and subsurface pipes.  


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