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==Upstream of the Pond==
==Upstream of the Pond==
Any measure that decreases runoff volumes or temperatures or both can help mitigate thermal loads to streams or downstream treatment facilities.  Examples include [[bioretention]], [[infiltration trenches]] or [[infiltration chambers|chambers]], [[enhanced swales]], [[permeable pavements]], [[rain gardens|absorbent landscaping]] and increased canopy cover.  The temperature (event mean temperature) and thermal load benefits of the practices are shown in figures 1 to 3 below.  The most effective practices were deeper systems such as trenches, some deep bioretention facilities, and practices that promote significant runoff volume reductions. Beyond reducing temperatures and runoff volumes, enhancing [[infiltration]] also helps re-establish the natural baseflow regime that existed prior to development.
Any measure that decreases runoff volumes or temperatures or both can help mitigate thermal loads to streams or downstream treatment facilities.  Examples include [[bioretention]], [[infiltration trenches]] or [[infiltration chambers|chambers]], [[enhanced swales]], [[permeable pavements]], [[rain gardens|absorbent landscaping]] and increased canopy cover.  The temperature (event mean temperature) and thermal load benefits of the practices are shown in figures 1 to 3 below.  The most effective practices were deeper systems such as trenches, some deep bioretention facilities, and practices that promote significant runoff volume reductions. Beyond reducing temperatures and runoff volumes, enhancing [[infiltration]] also helps re-establish the natural baseflow regime that existed prior to development.<br>
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[[File:Influent Effluent EMT.PNG|500px|thumb|left|Influent and effluent event mean temperatures (EMT) for common LID practices. Source: (Van Seters, ''et al.'' 2019).<ref>Van Seters, T., Graham, C., Dougherty, J., Jacob-Okor, C., and David, Y. 2019. Data Synthesis and Design Considerations for Stormwater Thermal Mitigation Measures. Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program. Ontario. https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2019/04/Thermal-Synthesis-Final.pdf</ref>]]


==Within the Pond Block==  
==Within the Pond Block==  

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