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Examples of the types of best management practices that may be considered when preparing contracts are also provided in the [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2019/06/Procurement-Guidance-Parking-Lot-Snow-and-Ice-Mgmt.pdf STEP's Procurement Guidance for Parking Lot Snow and Ice Management report] (STEP, 2019)<ref name="example5" />, along with estimates of the impact on salt use, and the potential influence these may have on contract costs.
Examples of the types of best management practices that may be considered when preparing contracts are also provided in the [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2019/06/Procurement-Guidance-Parking-Lot-Snow-and-Ice-Mgmt.pdf STEP's Procurement Guidance for Parking Lot Snow and Ice Management report] (STEP, 2019)<ref name="example5" />, along with estimates of the impact on salt use, and the potential influence these may have on contract costs.
====Minimizing the Area requiring Winter Maintenance====
Properties with large parking lots often present owners with opportunities to close portions of parking lots and entranceways to public and employee use during the winter, either on a seasonal basis or during certain low use periods. Appropriate signage may need to be installed to inform staff and visitors that these areas are not to be used. This measure can generate significant savings through reduced material use and labour, while also reducing the potential area where snow and ice may contribute to safety and liability concerns. 
====Improved Parking Lot and Walkway Design====
In new developments or when pavements are repaired or upgraded there are often opportunities to improve drainage, grading or pavement features to reduce the amount of salt needed during winter maintenance.  Design changes may include, but is not limited to grading to keep meltwater away from trafficked areas, directing downspouts away from paved areas, installing windbreaks, avoiding flat grades that will eventually form depressions where water can puddle, creating designated snow storage areas that drain away from pavements and installing covers, heated pavements or pavement overlays that can be maintained with less salt (LSRCA, 2017).  See below for more details.
Good Ontario resources on winter maintenance strategies for private businesses and property owners/managers include: 
Peel Region   
Waterloo Region


==Salt Alternatives==
==Salt Alternatives==

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