Changes

==Recent Performance Research==

==Recent Performance Research==

*[https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3529 (Jeon et al., 2022) - Long-Term Monitoring of an Urban Stormwater Infiltration Trench in South Korea]

*[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2011.00254.x (O'Hogain et al. 2012) - Physicochemical and microbiological quality of harvested rainwater from an agricultural installation in Ireland]

**This paper discusses a long-term monitoring program (8 years) to measure the performance of an infiltration trench and develop a model to be used to estimate influent and effluent stormwater quality based on average removal efficiencies. The study found that the specific trench configuration used (with a primary settling tank with a vertical layer of woodchips, along with horizontal layers of gravel, sand and bottom ash (see associated image to the right on this page). Over the 8-year study (2013 - 2022, in 2017 no monitoring took place due to construction) was able to remove an average of 83% of TSS and 79% of TP (39.31 mg/L & 0.17 mg/L respectively for effluent water quality) (Jeon et al., 2022<ref>Jeon, M., Guerra, H.B., Choi, H. and Kim, L.H. 2022. Long-Term Monitoring of an Urban Stormwater Infiltration Trench in South Korea with Assessment Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Water, 14(21), p.3529.</ref>).

**This research study conducted by the Dublin Institute of Technology was commissioned by the federal government to assess the feasibility of utilizing rainwater to replace treated mains for non-potable uses (bathing, irrigation, etc.) on an agricultural property. Two different rainwater harvesting configurations were developed and the results collected over a 1-year period found that median TSS levels were 3.0 mg/L for configuration 1 and 3.5 mg/L for configuration 2. The only parameter that did not comply with local drinking water regulations were the levels of iron, lead and ammonia collected in the cistern of configuration 1 and just ammonia for configuration 2 (O'Hogain et al. 2012<ref>O'Hogain, S., McCarton, L., McIntyre, N., Pender, J. and Reid, A. 2012. Physicochemical and microbiological quality of harvested rainwater from an agricultural installation in Ireland. Water and Environment Journal, 26(1), pp.1-6.</ref>).

[[File:Schematic infitlration trench (Jeon et al., 2022).PNG|thumb|500px|Schematic drawing of the infiltration trench design configuration used by [https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3529/pdf (Jeon et al. 2022)] at Kongju National University Cheonan Campus in South Korea. The facility includes a primary settling tank with vertical layer of woodchips, and horizontal layers of gravel, sand and bottom ash. This configuration promotes settling, filtration and adsorption. The use of woodchips allows microorganisms that assist in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus to create an ideal environment to establish themselves and help improve overall water quality.(Jeon et al., 2022<ref>Jeon, M., Guerra, H.B., Choi, H. and Kim, L.H., 2022. Long-Term Monitoring of an Urban Stormwater Infiltration Trench in South Korea with Assessment Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Water, 14(21), p.3529.</ref>).]]

[[File:Cost effectiveness RWH.PNG|thumb|500px|Schematic drawing of a RWH system with larger capacity for residential or commercial usage. In this schematic pre-storage filtration is used to prevent excess sedimentation, leaves and detritus from entering the system. A piping network delivers water to the tank and a first flush diverter can be installed to diver the first 1-3 mm away from the storage container and be deposited as overland flow, preserving the quality of water for later use (DeBusk and Hunt, 2014<ref>DeBusk, K. and Hunt, W. 2014. Rainwater harvesting: A comprehensive review of literature. 11-12-W. Water Resources Research Institute of the University of North Carolina.</ref>.]]

==References==

==References==