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Pipes should have been manufactured in conformity with the latest standards by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ASTM International.
*Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material) with a minimum inside diameter of 100 mm.  
*Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material) with a minimum inside diameter of 100 mm.  
**Where freezing is a concern, horizontal underdrain pipes should be over-sized to a minimum 200 mm diameter.  
**Where freezing is a concern, horizontal underdrain pipes should be over-sized to a minimum 200 mm diameter.  
**Perforations should be 10 mm in diameter and distributed at least every 90 deg around the pipe.
**Perforations should be made on all sides of the pipe and provide a ≥ 1 m<sup>2</sup> of open area per linear meter of pipe.
*All underdrains should be capped on the upstream end.
*All underdrains should be capped on the upstream end.
*At least one vertical well per BMP is recommended, for inspection and monitoring water level.  
*At least one vertical well per BMP is recommended, for inspection and monitoring water level.  

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