Changes

<h3>'''[[ Take a look at a typical home. What opportunities exist to implement LID?]]'''</h3>[[File:Example20.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.55|]]

[[File:House_Figure_1.png|thumb|Residential LID options]]

On residential lands, hard surfaces such as roofs, patios, walkways and driveways can all be targeted to collect, treat, and infiltrate runoff. The practices you choose will vary depending on neighbourhood and [[Site conditions: Residential|site constraints]] and [[Planting design|landscape ideals]].

<h3>'''[[Landscape alternatives]]'''</h3>[[File:Example9.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.45| Landscape alternatives can be established in any green space. They are most frequently established in front yards. (Source: Region of Peel)]]

Landscape alternatives allow homeowners to customize their property’s landscape to their liking. A guiding principle when designing landscape alternatives is “the right plant for the right place”. Using both native and non-native plants is acceptable as long as the non-native plants are not invasive and do not require frequent watering. Various landscape alternatives are available, including:

The  Region of Peel’s [http://www.peelregion.ca/watersmartpeel/residents/fusion-landscaping/index.htm Fusion Landscaping® program] is a great example of a landscape alternative. Fusion Landscaping® combines the lush splendour of traditional gardens with modern, eco-friendly plants. This program uses local market research and social marketing to promote behavioural change, to address residents’ unique needs, and to reduce outdoor water use.

of rainfall and runoff. Landscape alternatives can be

after establishment than sod lawns. They are a great water

their property’s landscape to their liking. A guiding principal

the right place”. Use of both native and non-native plants is

and do not require frequent watering.<br>

<h4><span style="color:blue">Fusion Landscaping®</span></h4>

===Xeriscaping===

A great example of a landscape alternative is the Region of

Xeriscaping refers to landscaping, plantings and gardening practices that reduce or eliminate the need for watering. Synonymous with water conservation, xeriscaping was originally promoted in areas with perennial water shortages.

Peel’s Fusion Landscaping® program. Fusion Landscaping®

combines the lush splendour of traditional gardens with

modern, eco-friendly plants.<br> This program uses local market

address residents’ unique needs, and reduce outdoor water use.

<h4><span style="color:blue">Xeriscaping</span></h4>

Xeriscaping involves selecting plants based on their ability to survive with little water. Water savings aside, additional benefits include reducing water bills, lowering maintenance requirements, and better plant survival rates and aesthetics during drought periods. Xeriscaping can be used on a lot-by-lot basis or in combination with larger residential LID programs.

With xeriscaping, plants are selected based on their ability to

survive with little water. Additional benefits include reducing

water bills, lower maintenance requirements, better plant

survival and aesthetics during drought periods. Xeriscaping

can be used alone or it can be combined with a larger

residential LID program.

<h4><span style="color:blue">Tree clusters</span></h4>

===Tree Clusters===

Tree clusters are another residential landscape alternative.

[[Trees| Tree]] clusters are another residential landscape alternative. They intercept rainfall, allowing for [[evapotranspiration]] and for [[infiltration]] of stormwater runoff. Tree clusters improve water quality, generate organic soils, absorb greenhouse gases, and provide shade for homes. Tree clusters require larger lot sizes, preferably with no overhead wires. They can be planted as standalone features or as part of a larger residential LID landscape.

They provide some of the function of forested areas by

intercepting rainfall and allowing for evapotranspiration and

infiltration of stormwater runoff.

Tree clusters improve water quality, generate organic soils, absorb greenhouse gases, and provide shade for homes. Tree clusters require larger lot sizes and preferably no overhead

wires. They can be planted as a standalone feature or part of a larger residential LID landscape.

A well-designed rain garden can be maintained with minimal care which is a great marketing point for homeowners. In the first two years, the plants will need watering to ensure they become established. <br>After this establishment period, the garden should only need simple maitenance such as weeding.

<h3><span style="color:brown">'''Permeable pavement'''</span></h3>

==Rain Gardens==

Permeable pavement are surfaces that encourage infiltration.

[[rain gardens| Rain gardens]] look like typical gardens. However, their [[infiltration]] and [[bioretention]] functions are much greater than normal gardens. By landscaping areas to include a surface depression of approximately 150 mm (6 inches), rain gardens allow runoff from residential properties to collect and to easily absorb into the ground. Within the rain garden, special types of soil, '[[filter media]]' or [[soil amendments]] increase the amount of water absorbed by the garden and infiltrated into native soils.

that allow stormwater to pass through to a stone base where

detained. Types of permeable pavement include:

* Permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP, or just permeable pavers)

walkways. When infiltrating driveway runoff, confirm whether

area. Driveway runoff should not be infiltrated if in a wellhead

the landscape of residential properties.<br>

Permeable pavement may also appeal to homeowners

winter maintenance. Water and snow generally seep through

the joints of the pavers before ice can form. This reduces the

amount of salt homeowners need to use on their driveways,

walkways or patios.

Example13.jpeg|A strip of pervious gravel with large block pavers. (Source: Aquafor Beech)

Example14.jpeg|A backyard walkway paved with permeable interlocking pavers. (Source: Fern Ridge Landscaping)

Location is very important to a functioning rain garden. When looking at potential locations, look for low areas where runoff can be easily be directed into the garden. Rain gardens are a great option for residential LID retrofits because homeowners can customize the garden to suit their desired styles. They can be planted with a variety of vegetation including [[Shrubs: List| shrubs]], [[Graminoids: List|grasses]] and [[Perennials: List|flowers]].

water source, such as a roof or pedestrian area. When

possible, soakaways should be installed in areas where native

soils allow for infiltration. If poorly draining soils are present,

an underdrain can be installed to remove standing water.<br>

Soakaways can be designed in many shapes and sizes. Larger

pits can be used on residential lots with lots of available

space.Where lot size is a constraint, a linear variation known

Example15.jpeg|Construction of a residential soakaway. (Source: CVC)

Example16.jpeg|To improve lot drainage and mitigate basement flooding.(Source: Aquafor Beech)

Example17.jpeg|The infiltration trench shortly after the turf installation. Instead of turf, plantings could have been incorporated into the design. (Source: Aquafor Beech)

<h3><span style="color:brown">'''Rainwater harvesting'''</span></h3>[[File:Example18.jpeg|thumb|right|upright=0.45|Rainwater storage tanks can hold more water than rain barrels and can be installed outdoors above ground for seasonal use, or buried below ground for year-round use.]]

==Permeable Pavement==

[[Permeable pavement| Permeable pavements]] are surfaces that encourage infiltration. They can be used in place of conventional asphalt or concrete pavement. These alternatives contain pores, spaces and joints for allowing stormwater to pass through to a stone base, where it infiltrates into underlying native soils or is temporarily detained. Types of permeable pavement include:

Permeable pavement can be used for both driveways and walkways. When infiltrating driveway runoff, confirm whether your residential neighbourhood is in a wellhead protection area. Driveway runoff should not be infiltrated if it is in a wellhead protection area due to the risk of groundwater contamination. Contact your local Conservation Authority for more information on wellhead protection areas.

rainwater for future use. Harvested water can be used for a

treatment. Rainwater harvesting provides an easy and lowcost

option for homeowners to reduce the volume of runoff

system.

<h4><span style="color:blue">Rainwater harvesting systems</span></h4>[[File:Example19.jpeg||thumb|right|upright=0.35|Rain barrels are a common LID practice promoted by many municipalities]]

Focus on aesthetic appeal when marketing permeable pavers to homeowners. They come in a variety of colours and shapes, and can be laid out to form patterns or designs that enhance the aesthetics of residential properties.  

Rainwater storage tanks come in a variety of dimensions and

shapes to accommodate both the size and desired aesthetics

of residential properties. They can fit unobtrusively against the

home, buried underground, or even placed below a deck.

<h4><span style="color:blue">Rain barrels</span></h4>

Permeable pavement may also appeal to homeowners because it typically has a longer life span that traditional asphalt. As well, light-coloured pavers typically require less winter maintenance. Water and snow generally seep through the joints of the pavers before ice can form, reducing the amount of salt homeowners need to use on their driveways, walkways or patios.

While they provide similar functions to rainwater harvesting

 

systems, rain barrels have much more limited storage space.

Rain barrels are installed at the outlet of downspouts and

intercept water draining down roofs. Water collected in rain barrels can be used for irrigation.

 

Rain barrels come in a variety of shapes, sizes and styles.

Residents can choose a style of rain barrel that is best suited

 

to their home and personal tastes. For example, rain barrels

can be decorated to create garden art.

 

 

 

===Rain Barrels===

While they provide similar functions to rainwater harvesting systems, [[rain barrels]] have limited storage space. Rain barrels are installed at the outlet of downspouts and intercept water draining down roofs. Water collected in rain barrels can be used for irrigation. Rain barrels come in a variety of shapes, sizes and styles. Residents can choose a style of rain barrel best suited to their home and personal tastes. For example, rain barrels can be decorated to create garden art.