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LID opportunities at municipal facilities (view source)
Revision as of 16:38, 18 December 2017
, 6 years agono edit summary
[[File:Figure 4.3.7 (G-to-G Public Lands).JPG|Options and implementation strategies for a few of these source areas will give you some ideas for a park site.]]
[[File:Figure 4.3.7 (G-to-G Public Lands).JPG|Options and implementation strategies for a few of these source areas will give you some ideas for a park site.]]
===Small-scale projects===
Starting with small-scale projects is a good strategy to
increase public interest in LID practices, gauge municipal
support, and gain retrofit experience. Small-scale projects
include retrofitting your site with landscape alternatives or rain
barrels, enhancements of existing swales, or using pollution
prevention strategies and practices.
Small-scale projects require fewer resources and require a
smaller project budget because:
* They do not require integration into capital works
projects
* Engineering consultants are not required
* Contractors may not be required
* External approvals are not required
* Consultation with the public is limited
Due to this smaller financial commitment, it can be easier
to build colleague and supervisor support for small-scale
projects.
[[Pollution prevention|Pollution prevention (P2)]] projects are great
small-scale projects for municipal facilities
like public works yards. To learn more about
implementing P2 on your site, '''refer to the case studies on Armstrong Manufacturing Inc, Bernardi Building Supply Ltd. and Unifay-Fedar Investments in Appendix B.'''
Many P2 techniques and strategies do not require
construction, consultants or contractors. Adding signage to a
site is a simple and easy to implement pollution prevention at
municipal facilities.
A successful small-scale LID retrofit project on your municipal
site is a good indication that you are ready to take on a more
intensive retrofit project. You now know the resources that are
available and understand the internal municipal processes
required to move a LID project from planning to finished
product.
===Large-scale projects===
Large-scale projects require significantly more effort, budget,
and staff than small-scale projects. Large-scale LID retrofits
include:
* Bioretention
* Enhanced grass swales
* Bioswales
* Perforated pipe systems
* Permeable pavement
* Soakaways
* Infiltration chambers
* Rainwater harvesting (excluding rain barrels)
* Prefabricated modules
* Green roofs
Consider a large-scale project if your municipality or
department would like to be a leader in sustainability. Large-scale
projects are often highly visible and attract more public
attention. Large-scale projects may also be the only solution
to site-specific challenges. For example, if site infrastructure
is at risk as a result of urban flooding, LID practices that detain
large volumes of runoff and encourage infiltration are the
most viable LID options.
Before starting a large-scale retrofit project, consider the
following distinctions that set these retrofits apart from small-scale
projects.
===Integration with capital works programs===
Most large-scale LID retrofits must function with existing
site infrastructure, such as storm sewers, catch basins,
and pavement systems. The construction of large-scale
LID practices often requires these systems to be removed,
exposed, or replaced. The best time for this type of project to
occur is when an infrastructure replacement or rehabilitation
project is already planned.
When LID retrofits are worked into other construction
projects, such as parking lot repaving, or grading or drainage
improvements, there can be substantial cost savings.
Whether big or small, every municipality spends relatively
large sums of money and substantial time planning for
major capital projects. This includes redevelopment of public
building and spaces. Many communities who have undertaken
retrofits recognize that even if a relatively small portion of the
project funds goes towards LID retrofits, they can retrofit large
impervious surfaces and avoid new stormwater management
infrastructure projects17.
Municipal facility rehabilitation is typically forecast well in
advance of the project. Parking lot paving is typically worked
into municipal budgets based on expected life cycle and
observed wear. As such, funds may be set aside prior to
the project planning phases. Long-term forecast budgets
may also be available for site revitalizations or expansions.
These budget forecasts provide opportunities to compare the
capital and life-cycle costs and benefits of the conventional
construction project and LID retrofit.
===Involvement of consultants and contractors===
Consultants are required for large-scale retrofit projects,
specifically for the final screening of options, pre-design,
detailed design, tender and contract documents, construction
supervision and administration, and assumption and
verification.
Site contractors are also required for large-scale LID retrofits.
Ideally, contractors should be pre-qualified based on previous
experience with similar LID projects.
Remember, the contractor with the lowest bid
does not necessarily deliver the best product.
===More intensive public consultation===
Stakeholders must be closely involved in the retrofit process
for large-scale LID projects. These projects have longer
construction windows, may have significant impacts on long-term
public use patterns of the site, and will cost significantly
more taxpayer dollars.
Gaining public insight in advance of LID implementation can
help address public concerns and information gaps, as well as identify public supporters and champions. Public consultation
can help designers tailor the project to address community
concerns and values. Consultation can also help the design
team integrate the LID practice into the site’s landscape.
===External approvals===
Large-scale retrofits may require a variety of approvals at the
municipal, watershed, provincial, and/or federal level.
Since LID is still relatively new, you may encounter policies
or bylaws that present barriers to LID retrofit projects.
Alternatively, the municipality may have to amend or enforce
some policies and bylaws to facilitate the implementation of
LID projects on your site.
[[Category:Planning]]
[[Category:Planning]]