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Large-scale projects require significantly more effort, budget,
and staff than small-scale projects. Large-scale LID retrofits
include:
* Bioretention
* Enhanced grass swales
* Bioswales
* Perforated pipe systems
* Permeable pavement
* Soakaways
* Infiltration chambers
* Rainwater harvesting (excluding rain barrels)
* Prefabricated modules
* Green roofs
Consider a large-scale project if your municipality or
department would like to be a leader in sustainability. Large-scale
projects are often highly visible and attract more public
attention. Large-scale projects may also be the only solution
to site-specific challenges. For example, if site infrastructure
is at risk as a result of urban flooding, LID practices that detain
large volumes of runoff and encourage infiltration are the
most viable LID options.
Before starting a large-scale retrofit project, consider the
following distinctions that set these retrofits apart from small-scale
projects.
===Integration with capital works programs===
Most large-scale LID retrofits must function with existing
site infrastructure, such as storm sewers, catch basins,
and pavement systems. The construction of large-scale
LID practices often requires these systems to be removed,
exposed, or replaced. The best time for this type of project to
occur is when an infrastructure replacement or rehabilitation
project is already planned.
When LID retrofits are worked into other construction
projects, such as parking lot repaving, or grading or drainage
improvements, there can be substantial cost savings.
Whether big or small, every municipality spends relatively
large sums of money and substantial time planning for
major capital projects. This includes redevelopment of public
building and spaces. Many communities who have undertaken
retrofits recognize that even if a relatively small portion of the
project funds goes towards LID retrofits, they can retrofit large
impervious surfaces and avoid new stormwater management
infrastructure projects17.
Municipal facility rehabilitation is typically forecast well in
advance of the project. Parking lot paving is typically worked
into municipal budgets based on expected life cycle and
observed wear. As such, funds may be set aside prior to
the project planning phases. Long-term forecast budgets
may also be available for site revitalizations or expansions.
These budget forecasts provide opportunities to compare the
capital and life-cycle costs and benefits of the conventional
construction project and LID retrofit.


[[Category:Planning]]
[[Category:Planning]]
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