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When assessing LID options on
When assessing LID options on
your site, identifying pollution threats is an important part of
your site, identifying pollution threats is an important part of
P2 is about anticipating and preventing pollution instead of
P2 is about anticipating and preventing pollution instead of
reacting to it after a spill or release has occurred. It is part of
reacting to it after a spill or release has occurred. It is part of
an ongoing pollution management approach that is comprised
an ongoing pollution management approach comprised
of prevention, control and clean-up.
of prevention, control and clean-up.
changing raw materials or staff routines can result in pollution
changing raw materials or staff routines can result in pollution
prevention.
prevention.
The ways in which P2 is achieved varies from one sector to
The ways in which P2 is achieved varies from one sector to
another, but typically there are nine common opportunities:
another, but typically there are nine common opportunities:
==Dumpster management==
===Dumpster management===
Dumpsters can be a major
Dumpsters can be a major
source of pollution that can affect water quality. When
source of pollution that can affect water quality. When
dumpster lids are left open rainwater is able to mix with
dumpster lids are left open, rainwater is able to mix with
the trash, resulting in a leaking fluid, or “dumpster juice”
the trash, resulting in a leaking fluid, or “dumpster juice”,
which can contain toxic organic and inorganic materials. If
not treated, this dumpster juice can enter the storm drain
not treated, this dumpster juice can enter the storm drain
system, contributing to poor water quality.
system, contributing to poor water quality.
==Grease management==
===Grease management===
Restaurants produce grease
Restaurants produce grease
and other wastes as a by-product of normal food
and other wastes as a by-product of normal food
properly dispose of used waste.
properly dispose of used waste.
==Parking lot maintenance==
===Parking lot maintenance===
Maintenance operations
Maintenance operations
have the potential to pollute stormwater runoff if sensible
have the potential to pollute stormwater runoff if sensible
P2 practices are not employed. This is particularly true
P2 practices are not employed. This is particularly true
of power washing, which can deliver sediment, nutrients,
of power washing, which can deliver sediment, nutrients,
hydrocarbons, and other pollutants to the storm drain
hydrocarbons and other pollutants into the storm drain
system.
system.
==Building maintenance==
===Building maintenance===
Some building maintenance
Some building maintenance
practices produce polluted wash water that can directly
practices produce polluted wash-water that can directly
enter the storm drain system during dry weather,
enter the storm drain system during dry weather,
whereas others deposit fine particles or liquids that can
whereas others deposit fine particles or liquids that can
wash away into stormsewers during wet weather.
wash away into stormsewers during wet weather.
==Landscaping and grounds care == Landscaping
===Landscaping and grounds care===
Landscaping
services are generally performed by a lawn care/
services are generally performed by a lawn care/
landscaping contractor or an in-house maintenance
landscaping contractor or an in-house maintenance
pollution, particularly in urban areas where soils are
pollution, particularly in urban areas where soils are
compacted.
compacted.
==Outdoor storage==
===Outdoor storage===
The risk of stormwater pollution
The risk of stormwater pollution
is greatest for operations that store large quantities of
is greatest for operations that store large quantities of
the storm drain system. Protecting outdoor storage areas
the storm drain system. Protecting outdoor storage areas
is a simple and effective P2 practice.
is a simple and effective P2 practice.
==Vehicle maintenance and repair == Often, vehicles
===Vehicle maintenance and repair===
Often, vehicles
that are wrecked or awaiting repair can be a concern if
that are wrecked or awaiting repair can be a concern if
leaking fluids are exposed to stormwater runoff. Vehicle
leaking fluids are exposed to stormwater runoff. Vehicle maintenance and repair can generate oil and grease,
trace metals, hydrocarbons, and other toxic organic
compounds. When vehicles are washed on impervious
surfaces, dirty wash water can contaminate stormwater
with sediments, phosphorus, metals, oil and grease, and
other pollutants that can degrade water quality.
8. Fuelling stations - Delivery of pollutants to the storm
drain can be sharply reduced by well designed fuelling
areas and improved operational procedures. The risk of
spills depends on whether the fuelling area is covered
and has secondary containment.
9. Snow and ice management - Ontario experiences
severe winter weather with large amounts of snowfall.
Common snow removal practices include application of
de-icer. De-icer is usually made from a urea compound
or rock salt. Many property managers apply the products
indiscriminately, assuming that more is better. However
these de-icers wash into local waterways when the
snow starts to melt. The key to de-icer usage is to apply
it sparingly, and to remove most of the snow before
application.
==P2 in practice==
Here are three examples of how some P2 techniques have
been applied:
===Fuelling stations===
If activities on your site include the loading and unloading
of product or supplies such as chemicals, fuels, or oils,
you should have P2 techniques in place. Spill containment
measures will temporarily detain any spills allowing for the
spill to be cleaned and disposed of properly This can reduce
the risks of a spill draining into an LID feature, catch basin or
drainage swale. Valves can be incorporated into the design
of the spill containment so that it can easily be drained of
rainwater or liquid.
===Outdoor storage===
Outdoor storage can create potential pollution threats as
rainfall or runoff comes into contact with product, materials
or waste being stored outdoors. Further complications are
added when property facilities (i.e. waste bins, recycling bins)
are susceptible to illegal dumping. To prevent and manage
pollution threats from outdoor storage, there are a variety of
P2 strategies that can be employed.
Simple strategies can be employed such as storing de-icing
salt in a dedicated storage container to prevent continual loss
of salt from precipitation. Other best practices include using
large storage containers to protect chemical storage drums.
===Dumpster management===
Maintenance of dumpsters is often overlooked and as a result
many dumpsters are in poor condition. Cracks in dumpsters
will leak toxic organic and inorganic materials into catchbasins
and towards waterways. Opportunities for P2 include locating
dumpsters on a flat concrete surface that does not slope
or drain to the storm drain system, installing a secondary